Makalah

Kata Pengantar

Praise be to god almighty who has given the writer ease in completing his paper on time. Without his mercy and help, the author won't be able to finish this paper properly. The writer gave thanks to our Lord for his abundance of good health, so the paper "covid-19 prevention by the method of social distension" could be completed. The paper is being prepared to fulfill the assignment of a advanced theoretical course writer hopes a paper on the review topic can be a reference to us students in order to keep learning to understand the content of the theory in this paper the author realizes that this review topic paper still needs a lot of corrections because of errors and flaws. Authors are open to critics and readers' Suggestions for the paper to be better. When there is much error on this paper, both writer-related and content, the author apologizes. So can the writer say. At the end of the word, hopefully it will be useful

         

                                                                       LÖLÖMATUA,7 JUY 2020

                                                            Yanima Laia

                                Daftar Isi

1. Adjective Clauses

                    Contoh soal beserta jawaban

2. Noun Clauses

                    Contoh soal beserta jawaban

3. Shortened Forms of Adjective Clauses and Adverbial Clauses

4. Defining and Non Defining Relative Clauses

5. Direct and Indirect Speech

Contoh soal beserta jawaban

6. Elliptical Construction

                  Contoh soal beserta jawaban

The Adjective Clause

An adjective clause is a dependent clause that, like an adjective, modifies a noun or pronoun. An adjective clause begin with words such as that, when, where, who, whom, whose, which, and why.

An essential (or restrictive) adjective clause provides information that is necessary for identifying the word it modifies. A nonessential (or nonrestrictive) adjective clause provides additional information about the word it modifies, but the word’s meaning is already clear. Nonessential clauses are always set off with commas.

When deciding whether to include the word that or which in an adjective clause, remember to use that for essential clauses and which for nonessential clauses:

Essential clause:

 

(That Lucas takes is an essential adjective clause. It contains the subject Lucas and the verb takes. The clause modifies the noun class, providing necessary information about it.)

Nonessential clause:

The house on the left, which belongs to Nicole, is up for sale.

(Which belongs to Nicole is a nonessential adjective clause. It contains the subject which and the verb belongs. The clause modifies the noun house, providing additional, nonessential information about it.)

Adjective Clause Examples

 

(That I like the best is an adjective clause. It contains the subject I and the verb like. The clause modifies the noun beach.)

Mr. Jackson is the teacher who helped me with my math problems.

(Who helped me with my math problems is an adjective clause. It contains the subject who and the verb helped. The clause modifies the noun teacher.)

The bad weather is the reason why I decided to drive instead of walk.

(Why I decided to drive instead of walk is an adjective clause. It contains the subject I and the verb decided. The clause modifies the noun reason.)

Mia is the person whose family owns a horse ranch.

(Whose family owns a horse ranch is an adjective clause. It contains the subject family and the verb owns. The clause modifies the noun person.)

This is the park where we can walk the dogs.

(Where we can walk the dogs is an adjective clause. It contains the subject we and the verb phrase can walk. The clause modifies the noun park.)

Do you remember the time when we almost missed the swim meet?

(When we almost missed the swim meet is an adjective clause. It contains the subject we and the verb missed. The clause modifies the noun time.)

Guillermo went to the studio where he takes glassblowing lessons.

(Where he takes glassblowing lessons is an adjective clause. It contains the subject he and the verb takes. The clause modifies the noun studio.)

Max, who is Marissa’s older brother, just got back from a trip to Jamaica.

(Who is Marissa’s older brother is an adjective clause. It contains the subject who and the verb is. The clause modifies the noun Max.)

Monday is the day when I have my doctor’s appointment.

(When I have my doctor’s appointment is an adjective clause. It contains the subject I and the verb have. The clause modifies the noun day.)

Derek is the sibling to whom I am closest.

(To whom I am closest is an adjective clause. It contains the subject I and the verb am. The clause modifies the noun sibling.)

5 Contoh Soal Adjective Clause 

1. The university … I earned my Bachelor’s degree has built a new bussiness school building.

a. which

b. where

c. that

Your answer:B

2. I’d like to teach the children … were with us last weekend about forgiveness.

a. who

b. whom

c. which

Your answer:A

3. Someone sent her a letter, … made her smile all day long.

a. whom

b. which

c. that

Your answer:B

4. The little girl … is running down the hill is my neighbor’s daughter.

a. whom

b. who

c. which

Your answer:B

5. The homeless was sleeping on the sidewalk, … was dirty and smell very bad.

a. that

b. which

c    who

6. Today is the day … most people in Indonesia get the day off.

a. that

b. which

c. when

Your answer: C

7. The Bogor Palace, … was rebuilt in 1856, is one of Indonesia’s Presidential Palaces.

a. which

b. that

c. who

Your answer: A

8. The movie … they watched was very interesting.

a. whose

b. whom

c. that

Your answer: C

9. The student, … IQ is higher that Albert Einstein, loves to learn foreign languages.

a. who

b. whose

c. that

Your answer:B

10. It was my classmate … hit the tennis ball over the net.

a. which

b. that

c. whom

Your answer:B

Noun clause

Pengertian Noun Clause

Noun Clause merupakan klausa dependen (klausa yang tidak dapat berdiri sendiri) yang digunakan untuk menggantikan noun (kata benda) dalam suatu kalimat. Noun Clause biasanya hadir dalam bentuk yang lebih rinci dari noun itu sendiri karena terdiri dari kalimat yang lebih panjang. Noun Clause boleh menggunakan kata tanya seperti (when, where, who, what, why, how), that, maupun if/ whether untuk mengawalinya.

•

Jenis-jenis Noun Clause:

Noun Clause sendiri terbagi menjadi beberapa jenis:

1. Noun Clause sebagai subjek kalimat

Seperti yang kita ketahui noun clause itu fungsinya sama seperti noun. Noun sendiri bisa diletakkan di mana saja dalam suatu kalimat. Nah, begitu pula dengan noun clause. Oleh karena itu, noun clause yang diletakkan di depan kalimat berfungsi sebagai subjek kalimat tersebut.

Rumus :

1. Kata tanya (when, where, who, what, why, how) + S + V + Verb + Object /Kata pelengkap

2. That + S + V + Verb + Object/ Kata Pelengkap

3. If/ Whether + S + V + Verb + Object/ Kata Pelengkap

Catatan: Kata-kata yang dicetak tebal merupakan dependent clause yang menggantikan noun, karena berfungsi sebagai subject, maka diletakkan di awal kalimat

Contoh noun clause sebagai subjek kalimat:

• When the actor saves the actress from the accident is the most touching scene.

(Di saat sang aktor menyelamatkan aktris dari kecelakaan itu adalah adegan yang paling mengharukan.)

• What caused the accident was the chef’s carelessness.

(Hal yang menyebabkan kecelakaan itu adalah kecerobohan sang koki.)

2. Noun Clause sebagai Objek Kalimat

Noun clause juga bisa diletakkan sebagai objek dalam suatu kalimat. Noun Clause sebagai objek kalimat ini diletakkan tepat setelah verb kalimat tersebut.

Rumus Noun Clause:

1. S + V + kata tanya (when, where, why, how, what, why) + S + V

2. S + V + that + S + V

3. S + V + if/ whether + S + V 

Catatan: Bagian yang dicetak tebal merupakan dependent clause yang berfungsi sebagai objek.

Contoh-contoh noun clause sebagai objek kalimat:

• I do not know whether Lisa will come or not.

(Saya tidak tahu apakah Lisa akan datang atau tidak.)

• Robby believes that her mother will recover from her disease.

(Robby percaya bahwa ibunya akan sembuh dari penyakitnya.)

3. Noun clause sebagai komplemen subjek

Noun clause jenis ini biasanya diletakkan setelah linking verb (is, am, are, was, were) dan keterangan tersebut berfungsi untuk merujuk pada subjek kalimat.

Rumus Noun Clouse:

1. S + Linking verb (is, am, are, was, were, be) + kata tanya (who, where, when, how, why, what) + S + V

2. S + Linking Verb (is, am, are, was, were, be) + that + S + V

3. S + Linking Verb (is, am, are, was, were, be) + if/ whether + S + V

Catatan: Bagian yang dicetak tebal merupakan dependent clause yang berfungsi sebagai komplemen subjek.

Contoh-contoh noun clause sebagai komplemen subjek:

• Nina’s biggest mistake was that she accepted the bribe cash.

(Kesalahan terbesar Nina adalah bahwa dia menerima uang sogokan itu.)

• The question is how those kids can finish all of these foods in 30 minutes.

(Pertanyaannya adalah bagaimana caranya anak-anak itu bisa menghabiskan semua makanan ini dalam waktu 30 menit.)

4. Noun clause sebagai objek dari preposisi

Noun Clause jenis ini diletakkan tepat setelah preposisi dan berfungsi sebagai objek dalam kalimat. Preposition tersebut bisa termasuk apa saja seperti: from, of, with, about, for, dan lain sebagainya.

Rumus Noun Clause:

1. S + V + preposition + kata tanya (who, when, where, how, why, what) + S +V

Catatan: Bagian yang dicetak tebal merupakan dependent clause sebagai objek dari preposisi.

Contoh-contoh noun clause sebagai objek dari preposisi:

• In this meeting, we will discuss about what factors affect the decrease of our sales.

(Dalam pertemuan ini, kita akan membahas tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penurunan penjualan.)

• We will start our journey from where we have decided before.

(Kita akan memulai perjalanan kita dari tempat yang sudah kita tentukan sebelumnya.)

5. Noun Clause sebagai Adjective Complement

Noun Clause ini diletakkan tepat setelah adjective (kata sifat) dan rumusnya bisa disimak dibawah ini.

Rumus Noun Clause:

1. S + Verb to be + Adjective + that + S + V

2. S + Verb to be + Adjective + if + S + V

3. S + Verb to be + Adjective + kata tanya (who, why, what, where, when, how) + S + V

Catatan: Bagian yang dicetak tebal merupakan noun clause yang berfungsi sebagai pelengkap adjective.

Contoh-contoh noun clause sebagai adjective complement:

• I am afraid that she will tell everyone about my secret.

(Saya takut bahwa dia akan memberitahukan semua orang tentang rahasiaku.)

• Kiki is worried that he cannot pass the university entrance exam.

(Kiki khawatir bahwa dia tidak bisa lulus ujian masuk universitas.)

1. I really hope . . . You can attend our new home thanksgiving ceremony

a. that

b. then

c. when

d. where

2. . . . You hear is not true

a. If

b. What

c. Whether

d. Does

3. . . . I do is not your business

a. If

b. What

c. Whether

d. Does

4. . . . Rifky did was very amazing

a. Who

b. Whom

c. Why

d. That

5. . . .  Rina told us earlier was not a lie

a. That

b. If

c. What

d. How

6. I promise . . . I will take care of you

a. whether

b. why

c. what

d. that

1. Answer : That (a), noun clause sebagai pelengkap.

Arti : (Saya sangat mengharapkan anda dapat menghadiri acara syukuran rumah baru kami)

2. Answer : What (b), noun clause sebagai subject.

Arti : (Apa yang anda dengar itu sesungguhnya tidak benar)

3. Answer : What (b), noun clause sebagai subject.

Arti : (Apa yang saya lakukan bukanlah urusanmu)

4. Answer : That (d), noun clause sebagai subject.

Arti : (Yang rifky lakukan tadi sangatlah sangat mengagumkan)

5. Answer : That (a), noun clause sebagai subject.

Arti : (Yang rina beritahukan tadi bukanlah sebuah kebohongan)

6. Answer : That (d), noun clause sebagai pelengkap.

Arti : (Aku berjanji bahwa aku akan menjagamu)

Itulah beberapa contoh soal beserta jawab

Shortened Forms of Adjective Clauses and Adverbial Clauses

SHORTENED ADJECTIVE CLAUSE 

Active

Everybody who works in the factory has to wear special clothes. 

Everybody working in the factory has to special clothes 

Passive

The man who was arrested last night carried a gun. 

The man arrested last night carried a gun. 

SHORTENED ADVERB CLAUSE 

Because I was busy, I decided to have lunch in the office. 

Active

Being busy, I decided to have lunch in the office. 

Reason

As the door was locked, it couldn’t be opened. 

Passive

Locked, the door couldn’t be opened. 

When we were watching TV, we heard a knock on the door. 

Active

When watching TV, we heard a knock on the door. 

Time

When the liquid is heated, it changes colour. 

Passive

When heated, the liquid changes colour. 

Although he works very hard, he cannot buy a new car. 

Active

Although working very hard, he cannot buy a new car. 

Concession

If it is used economically, it will last for months. 

Passive

If used economically, it will last for months.

Defining  and non defining relative clauses

      A Relative clauses is clauses that we use  to describe  a noun. It basically has the same function as an adjective. For example we can say “I have a blue bike or we can use a relative clause and say “I have a bike which is blue”. We put a relative clause immediately after the noun it describes.

We use the words “WHO, WHICH and THAT” at the beginning of relative clause. These words are called relative pronouns. We use” WHO” for people we use “which” for thing and animals and we use 'that' for people, things and animals. For example we say " I know a man,  who lives  on a boat", She has a dog which is brown and black" and "He lives in house which/ that is very big.

Now that we know what a relative clause is let us take a look at defining and non defining relative clause. Adefining relative clause identifies who who or what we are speaking about where as a non-defining relative clause just gives us more information about who or what we are speaking about.

A defining relative clause is essential in a sentence because we need it in order to know  who or what someone is describing. A non-defining relative clause is not essential in a sentence because it just adds more information about who or what we are describing, therefore you could leave it out of the sentence and sentence  and the sentence  would still make sense and it would still be clear who or what we  are describing. We cannot leave out a defining relative clause because we need it in order to make it clear who or what we are talking about.

A non-defining relative clause is separated from the main part of the sentence by commas. A defining relative clause is not separated from the main part of the sentence by commas because it is additional information, where  as don't separate a defining relative clause from the main part of the sentence by commas because it is essential information which is needed to clarify who or what we are speaking about.

Here are some other example  of defining and non-defining relative clauses:

1. My brother who lives in Barcelona is rich.(you have only one brother)

2. The car which is parked outside the bilding is mine. This is defining because you are telling the listener exactly which car is yours.

3. My car, which is blue is very expensive. This is non-defining because  the relative clause "which is blue" does not tell the listener anything necessary about your car, the main message it that it is very expensive, the colour is just more infornation.

5. "The computer which is broken is an Apple iMac". This is defining because you are pointing out which computer is an Apple iMac. Perhaps you are in a room full of computers and  you want to tell the listener which computer is an  Apple iMac, you can do so by telling him  it is  the one that is broken.

6. My computer, which I use  every is an Apple iMac. This is non-defining because you are not identifying which computer you are talking with the relative clause. The fact that you said "my computer" tells the listener which computer you are talking about.

Direct Speech

When we want to describe what someone said, one option is to use direct speech. We use direct speech when we simply repeat what someone says, putting the phrase between speech marks:

• Paul came in and said, “I’m really hungry.”

It is very common to see direct speech used in books or in a newspaper article. For example:

• The local MP said, “We plan to make this city a safer place for everyone.”

As you can see, with direct speech it is common to use the verb ‘to say’ (‘said’ in the past). But you can also find other verbs used to indicate direct speech such as ‘ask’, ‘reply’, and ‘shout’. For example:

• When Mrs Diaz opened the door, I asked, “Have you seen Lee?”

• She replied, “No, I haven’t seen him since lunchtime.”

• The boss was angry and shouted, “Why isn’t he here? He hasn’t finished that report yet!”

Indirect Speech

When we want to report what someone said without speech marks and without necessarily using exactly the same words, we can use indirect speech (also called reported speech). For example:

• Direct speech: “We’re quite cold in here.”

• Indirect speech: They say (that) they’re cold.

When we report what someone says in the present simple, as in the above sentence, we normally don’t change the tense, we simply change the subject. However, when we report things in the past, we usually change the tense by moving it one step back. For example, in the following sentence the present simple becomes the past simple in indirect speech:

• Direct speech: “I have a new car.”

• Indirect speech: He said he had a new car.

All the other tenses follow a similar change in indirect speech. Here is an example for all the main tenses:

 

The same rule of moving the tenses one step back also applies to modal verbs. For example:

 

Using ‘say’ or ‘tell’

As an alternative to using ‘say’ we can also use ‘tell’ (‘told’ in the past) in reported speech, but in this case you need to add the object pronoun. For example:

• He told me he was going to call Alan.

• They told her they would arrive a little late.

• You told us you’d already finished the order.

Changing Time Expressions

Sometimes it’s necessary to change the time expressions when you report speech, especially when you are speaking about the past and the time reference no longer applies. For example:

• Direct speech: “I’m seeing my brother tomorrow.”

• Indirect speech: She said she was seeing her brother the following day.

Here are some other examples:

• Direct speech: “I had a headache yesterday.”

• Indirect speech: You said you’d had a headache the day before yesterday.

• Direct speech: “It’s been raining since this afternoon.”

• Indirect speech: He said it’d been raining since that afternoon.

• Direct speech: “I haven’t seen them since last week.”

• Indirect speech: She said she hadn’t seen them since the previous week.

Reporting Questions

When you report a question you need to change the interrogative form into an affirmative sentence, putting the verb tense one step back, as with normal reported speech.

There are two types of questions that we can report – questions that have a yes/no response, and questions that begin with a question word like ‘what’, ‘where’, ‘who’ etc. When we report a yes/no question, we use ‘if’. For example:

• Direct speech: “Do they live here?”

• Indirect speech: You asked me if they lived here.

As you can see, in the reported version of the question, ‘do’ is eliminated because it is no longer a question, and the verb ‘live’ becomes ‘lived’.

For questions starting with question words like ‘what’, ‘where’, ‘when’, ‘who’, etc., we report the question using the question word but change the interrogative form to the affirmative form. For example:

• Direct speech: “Where do they live?”

• Indirect speech: You asked me where they lived.

• Direct speech: “When are you leaving?”

• Indirect speech: He asked us when we were leaving.

• Direct speech: “How will they get here?”

• Indirect speech: She asked me how they would get here.

When we report a question we normally use the verb ‘ask’. As with the verb ‘to tell’, the verb ‘to ask’ is normally followed by an object pronoun, though it is possible to omit it.

Reporting Orders and Requests

When you give someone an order, you use the imperative form, which means using just the verb without a subject. For example:

• “Call me back later.”

• “Have a seat.”

• “Don’t do that!”

To report an order we use ‘tell’ and the infinitive of the verb. For example:

• You told me to call you back later.

• He told me to have a seat.

• She told us not to do that.

When you make a request, you normally use words like ‘can’, ‘could’, or ‘will’. For example:

• “Could you call me back later?”

• “Will you have a seat?”

• “Can you not do that please?”

To report a request, we use the verb ‘to ask’ and the infinitive form of the verb. For example:

• You asked me to call you back later.

• He asked me to have a seat.

• She asked us not to do that.

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH

Direct Speech (Kalimat Langsung) ialah kata-kata kalimat yang diucapkan langsung oleh si pembicara.

Indirect Speech (Kalimat Tak Langsung) ialah kalimat yang diucapkan untuk melaporkan kata-katansi pembicara kepada orang lain. Jadi, Indirect Speech (Reported Speech) digunakan bila kita ingin melaporkan kata-kata seseorang kepada orang lain secara tak langsung.

 

Direct & Indirect Speech terdiri dari 3 jenis yaitu :

I.         Statement (pernyataan)

II.      Command (perintah)

III.   Question (pertanyaan)

Perubahan-perubahan yang perlu dari Direct ke Indirect Speech :

1.        To be & Auxiliary Verbs

Direct                                       Indirect

Am/is/are                    -             was/were

Shall/will                     -             should/would

Can                             -             could

May                            -             might

Must                          

Have/has to                 -             had to

Ought to

 

2.        Time & Place (keterangan waktu & tempat)

Direct                                       Indirect

now                                 -           then

tomorrow                         -           the following day

next week                        -           the following week

tonight                             -           that night

today                               -           that day

yesterday                         -           the day before

last night                          -           the night before

last week                         -           the week before,

                                                    the precious week

here                                  -           there

this                                   -           that

these                                -           those

 

3.        Tenses

Direct                                       Indirect

Simple present                   -        simple past

Simple past

                                           -        past perfect

Present perfect

Present continous              -        past continous

Present perfect continous  -        past perfect continous

Simple future                     -        past future

 

5.  Contoh Soal Direct and Indirect Speech

1. Direct Speech : She said, “I will go to the market”.

Indirect Speech : ___________________________

2. Direct Speech : Ray said, “I have completed the series.”

Indirect Speech : _______________________________

3. Direct Speech : He said, “I work from 9 to 10”.

Indirect Speech : _________________________

4. Direct Speech : They said, “We have been living in the forest for 4 years”.

Indirect Speech : _____________________________________________

5. Direct Speech : My brother said, “We were playing at the park”.

Indirect Speech : _____________________________________

Jawaban:

1. She said that she would go to the market.

2. Ray said that he had completed the series.

3. He said that he worked from 9 to 10.

4. They said they had been living in the forest for 4 years.

5. My brother said they had been playing in the park

Elliptical Construction

 elliptical construction is a construction that lacks an element that is recoverable or inferable from the context. Dalam bahasa indonesia, Elliptical construction merupakan suatu kalimat yng dibentuk dengan cara menghilangkan beberap bagian kalimat yang sama. Tujuan dari penghilangan beberapa kalimat tersebut adalah agar kalimat tersebut lebih pendek dan lebih efektif.

 

Macam Elliptical Construction Dalam Bahasa Inggris

Berikut beberapa macam elliptical construction yang sering digunakan dalam kalimat bahasa inggris.

1.TOO dan SO

So dan Too memiliki arti juga. So dan too digunakan untuk kalimat yang berbentuk positive.

Rumus dari elliptical construction adalah sebagai berikut :

• S + V/Tobe + O + and + S + Auxiliary + Too

• S + V/Tobe + O + and + So + auxiliary + S

Contoh Elliptical Construction dalam kalimat :

• I want to eat soup and she does too. (aku ingin makan sup dan dia juga)

• I want to eat soup and so does she (aku ingin makan sup dan dia juga)

• my daddy like to listen music and I do too (ayahku suka mendengarkan musik dan aku juga)

• my daddy like to listen music and so do I (ayahku suka mendengarkan musik dan aku juga)

• my mom cooks a meat and she does too (ibuku memasak daging dan dia juga)

• my mom cooks a meat and so does she (ibuku memasak daging dan dia juga)

 

2. EITHER dan NEITHER

Either dan neither digunakan untuk menyatakan kata juga, sma dengan so and too, namun either dan neither digunakan untuk kalimat negative.

Rumus Either Dan Neither Dalam Bahasa Inggris :

• Kalimat negative + and + S + negative + either

• kalimat negative + and + neither + positive + subject

Contoh Either dan neither dalam bahasa inggris :

• I cannot sing a song and Dila cannot sing either (aku tidak dapat menyanyikan sebuah lagu dan dila tidak dapat menyanyikan juga)

• I cannot sing a song and neither can Dila (aku tidak dapat menyanyikan sebuah lagu dan dila juga)

• we cannot come to your house and siska cannot come either (kita tidak dapat datang ke rumah mu dan siska tidak dapat juga)

• we cannot come to your house and neither can siska (kita tidak dapat datng ke rumah mu dan siska juga)

 

BUT

But merupakan elliptical construction yang digunakan untuk menggabungkan dua kalimat yang berlawanan dalam bahasa inggris.

Contoh :

• I can come to your house, but Jodi can not (aku bisa datang kerumah mu tetapi jodi tidak dopat)

• he can bring me a cake but I should buy it (dia dapat membawakan aku sebuah kue tetapi aku harus membelinya)

• she can come to his party but I can not (dia dapat datang ke pestamu tetapi aku tidak dapat)

• it will rain but I do not bring an umbrella (akan hujan tetapi aku tidak membawa sebuah payung)

• she can not buy a home but she can buy a car (dia tidak dapat membeli sebuah rumah tetapi dia dapat membeli sebuah mobil)

 

BOTH and AND

Both dan and digunakan untuk menghubungkan dua kalimat positive yang kata kerjanya sama.

Contoh :

• Both Dina and vika are bestfriend (baik dina dan vika adalah teman baik)

• Both I and you are tired (baikn aku dan kamu lelah)

• Both Rifka and Bayu are pilot (baik rifka dan bayu adalah pilot)

• Both orange and apple are delicious (baik jeruk dan apel terasa enak)

• Both Bakso and sate are delicious (baik bakso dan sate terasa lezat)

 

EITHER OR…….+ POSITIVE

Digunakan untuk menyatakan salah satu dari dua kalimat dan memiliki bentuk tenses yang sama.

Contoh :

• Either my father and I like this music (baik ayahku dan aku menyukai  musik ini)

• either my mother and I are beautiful (baik ibuku dan aku sangat cantik)

• either my brother and I wait you here (baik saudra laki-laki ku dan aku menunggu mu disini)

• we buy either mango or apple (kita beli baik mangga maupun apel)

• either Dina and Dika are my close friend (baik dina dan dika adalah teman dekat)

 

NEITHER NOR……+ POSITIVE

Neither nor memiliki arti yang sama dengan either, namun neither menyatakan “tidak keduanya”.

Contoh :

• she is neither an actor nor a dancer (dia bukanlah seorang aktor dan bukan seorang penari)

• neither I nor you will not celebrate the birthday (baik aku dan dia tidak akan merayakan ulangtahun)

• neither fruit nor vegetable are not delicious (baik buah-buahan ataupun sayuran tidak terasa enak)

• neither you nor he are not my bestfriend (baik kamu ataupun dia bukanlah teman baik ku)

• he is neither a doctor nor a teacher (dia bukanlah seorang dokter bukan juga seorang guru)

 : 

15 Soal Elliptical Construction Beserta Jawaban Dan Pembahasan Dalam Bahasa Inggris

 

Hallo sahabat SBI, saat ini admin ingin memberikan materi kepada sahabat SBI semua mengenai elliptical construction dalam bahasa inggris. Sahabat SBI masih ingat bukan apa yang dimaksud dengan elliptical construction dalam bahasa inggris? Jika sahabat SBI sering menggunakan kata So, too, either dan neither pasti sahabat SBI memahaminya.

Pada kesempatan berikut ini admin ingin memberikan soal kepada sahabat SBI beserta dengan penjelasan lengkap nya mengenai elliptical construction, check this out 🙂

 

1.Sue : “I didn’t enjoy the movie last night”

   Bob : “Neither Did I”

From the dialogue we know that _______

A. Both Sue and Bob didn’t enjoy the movie last night

B. Not only Sue but also Bob enjoyed the movie last night

C. Bob enjoyed the movie last night but sue didn’t

D. Bob enjoyed the movie last night, and so did sue

Jawaban : A

Keyword : Neither Did I

Pembahasan : Baik Bob maupun sue tidak dapat menikmati film yang mereka tonton malam itu.

 

2.Jannata : How long ca you stay under water?

   Nadia : I can stay there______I can hold my breath

A : As

B : For

C : Since

D : As long as

Jawaban : D

Key Word : Can stay, Can hold

Pembahasan : pernyataan tersebut bermakna “saya bisa bertahan selama (as long as) saya bisa menahan nafas saya”.

 

3.Alaskan forest_____Five or six miles inland from the pacific coast.

A. Penetrate more rarely than

B. More rarely than penetrate

C.More Penetrate than rarely

D.Rarely penetrate more than

Jawaban : A

Key word : Alaskan Forest

Pembahasan : karena pada soal telah ada subject kalimat, jadi yang dibutuhkan adalah predikat. penyusunan predikat yang paling sesuai adalah penetrate more rarely than.

 

4.The luggage is twice the baby’s weight. The luggage is _____ the baby.

A. As heavy as

B.Heavier than

C.Not so heavy as

D.Lighter tha

Jawaban : B

Key word : twice the baby’s weight

Pembahasan : Berat koper tersebut adalah dua kali berat si bayi. Maka pernyataan yang paling tepat adalah pernyataan B yang bermakna lebih besar.